Gum disease is one of the most common and often underestimated oral health issues. In fact, gum disease affects nearly everyone at some point of their lives, and if left untreated, can lead to serious complications. Fortunately, early detection and treatment can prevent these outcomes and ensure your gums stay healthy.
Think you might have gum disease? Today we’ll explain what causes gum disease, cover the early signs and symptoms of gum disease, and provide some simple guidance on how to tell if you have gum disease.
What is Gum Disease?
Gum disease, or periodontal disease, is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. It’s most typically caused by poor oral hygiene, which leads to the accumulation of plaque (a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth). Over time, the plaque can harden into tartar, causing inflammation of the gums. If left untreated, gum disease can progress to gingivitis (inflammation of the gums) and potentially periodontitis, where the damage becomes more severe.
Gum Disease Causes
As mentioned above, poor oral hygiene tends to be the leading cause of gum disease, but it’s not the only factor. Other causes include:
- Smoking: Smoking weakens your immune system, making it harder to fight off gum infections.
- Genetics: If gum disease runs in your family, you may be more susceptible.
- Diabetes: People with diabetes are more prone to infections, including gum disease.
- Medications: Some medications can reduce saliva production, increasing the risk of gum disease.
Early Stage Gum Disease Symptoms
In its early stages, gum disease can be difficult to detect, however, there are some key signs to watch for.
- Red or Swollen Gums: Healthy gums are typically pale pink and firm to the touch. One of the first gum disease symptoms is swelling or redness in the gums. This occurs as a result of the body’s immune response to the bacteria in plaque.
- Bleeding Gums: Gums that bleed easily during brushing or flossing are another common early symptom. While occasional bleeding might be due to brushing too hard, frequent or persistent bleeding can indicate early stage gum disease.
- Bad Breath: Persistent bad breath (halitosis) or a bad taste in your mouth that doesn’t go away after brushing, could be a sign of bacterial buildup associated with infected gum symptoms.
- Tender or Sensitive Gums: If your gums feel tender or sore, especially when eating, brushing, or flossing, this can be an indication of gum disease. Early periodontitis symptoms often include discomfort in the gums, even without obvious swelling.
- Gum Recession: In the early stages of gum disease, your gums may begin to pull away from your teeth, making your teeth appear longer than they used to. This process is called gum recession and is a warning sign of worsening gum disease.
How to Tell if You Have Gum Disease
In addition to the early signs of gum disease, changes in how your gums feel and look, can also be a helpful indicator you need to consult your local dentist or periodontist.
Feeling
Sensitivity: Gums may become sensitive to temperature or touch.
Loose teeth: As gum disease progresses, you may notice slight mobility in your teeth.
Appearance
Gums pulling away from teeth: Healthy gums should fit snugly around your teeth. If you notice any recession, this could be a sign of gum disease.
Tartar build-up: If you notice hardened yellow or brown deposits at the gumline, this could be tartar, which is a clear indicator of gum disease progression.
Don’t Ignore the Early Signs
Catching gum disease in its early stages is pivotal for stopping these issues from developing into more serious complications. At About Smiles, we specialise in diagnosing and treating gum disease. Our experienced team offers a range of treatments tailored to your needs, from non-invasive deep cleanings to more advanced periodontal therapies.
Don’t let gum disease progress, if you’re experiencing any symptoms of gum disease, contact About Smiles today to book a consultation and take the first step towards healthier gums.